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# Historical and Technical Profile: 1988 JCB 3CX Sitemaster
## Technical Specifications
The 1988 JCB 3CX Sitemaster features a Perkins 4.236 four-cylinder diesel engine. This naturally aspirated unit produces 80 horsepower (60 kW) at 2,200 rpm. The transmission is a four speed syncromesh gearbox with a torque converter and power shuttle, allowing forward and reverse directional changes without a manual clutch.
Hydraulic performance is driven by a gear-type pump delivering a flow rate of 110 liters per minute at a pressure of 220 bar. The Sitemaster variant includes a 4rd function valve for the 6-in-1 front shovel and an Extradig telescopic outer dipper, increasing the maximum dig depth from 4.16 meters to 5.38 meters. Total machine operating weight sits at approximately 7,600 kg.
## Historical Context
JCB launched the 'Project 5' or P5 range of 3CX backhoe loaders in 1980, but the 1988 model represents the peak of the 'Black Cab' era (1981–1991). By 1988, JCB had refined the cab ergonomics and visibility with the 'Grey Cab' transition nearing. The Sitemaster designation was introduced as a high-specification package, including the multi-purpose front bucket and the extending dipper arm as standard equipment. These features allowed the machine to function as a loader, scraper, bulldozer, and excavator simultaneously.
Industrial production in the late 1980s focused on 4WD (four-wheel drive) configurations. The 1988 4WD models utilized a heavy-duty front axle with planetary reduction hubs. This year marked JCB's dominance in the UK market, where the 3CX held a market share exceeding 60%.
## Legacy and Innovation
The 1988 3CX Sitemaster established the industry standard for the backhoe loader configuration. Its primary innovation was the integration of the Extradig system, which allowed for deeper excavations without moving the tractor chassis, and the 6-in-1 clam-shell bucket. The build quality of the 1988 units, characterized by heavy steel fabrication and simple mechanical fuel injection, has contributed to high survival rates in the secondary market.
The Perkins 4.236 engine used in these units is noted for mechanical simplicity and compatibility with various agricultural and industrial parts. The 1988 model's hydraulics also introduced improved lever modulation, giving operators finer control over the backhoe's movements compared to earlier 1970s models.
## Recent Auction Prices
Values for 1988 JCB 3CX Sitemasters at Cheffins UK auctions vary based on drive type (2WD vs 4WD), hours recorded, and the presence of the Extradig arm.
* **Cheffins November 2023:** 1988 JCB 3CX Sitemaster, 4WD, Extradig, showing 6,400 hours, original condition. **£11,500**.
* **Cheffins July 2023:** 1988 JCB 3CX Sitemaster, 4WD, 4-in-1 bucket, non-original paint. **£9,200**.
* **Cheffins April 2022:** 1989 (late P5) JCB 3CX Sitemaster, 4WD, Extradig, 8,200 hours. **£13,800**.
* **Cheffins October 2021:** 1988 JCB 3CX, 2WD variant, standard dipper, barn find condition. **£6,500**.